Soda Tax Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Soft drink Tax - Essay Example Truth be told, a ten-year research carried on people with an ordinary admission of diet soft drink uncovered a 70% (Picca 35) increment on their waistline in contrast with people with a zero resistance to soft drink consumption. I that accept soft drink charge serves a compelling proportion of sparing the uninformed American populace, who choose not to see critical wellbeing inconveniences for persistent soft drink consumption. An expense charge on delicate drinks will have a significant decrease of diseases, for example, diabetes related with unfortunate way of life. Beside heftiness, general wellbeing authorities likewise feature extra medical advantages of a potential soft drink assessment, for example, improved dental cleanliness. Over the most recent 50 years, soda pop utilization has expanded by challenging 500% (Brill 46). Strangely sodas like soft drink comprise of huge calories however with zero dietary benefit. Indeed, even with such frightening insights soda pops utilization make up 7% percent of vitality utilization in grown-ups and with a bigger rate detailed in kids and youths (Brill 47). An expense charge on soft drink would result into an utilization decrease. General wellbeing authorities note that a shopper decrease in soft drink admission would lessen heftiness cases across the nation, subsequently critical advance towards the battle against maladies, for example, diabetes. The increasing expense of pop, would lessen purchaser admission, and thusly decrease weight addition of roughly 90 % of the American populace (Picca 36). An exploration completed by the National Health and Nutrition Examination review in 2010 uncovered that in reality states with higher expenses on soft drink recorded the least purchaser utilization on soda pops (Picca 37). People in such states went to solid beverages, for example, milk and regular juice for calories utilization. Following the accomplishment of tax collection on tobacco and tobacco items, that prompted a meaning decrease of wellbeing inconvenience related with normal nicotine consumption (Picca 37). Tax collection on soft drink would have similar ramifications on wellbeing

The history of tattooing essays

The historical backdrop of inking articles From the beginning of time inking has been polished by men and lady everywhere throughout the world. From Egypt to Tahiti, from the Bering Strait to Japan inking has assumed a critical job in for all intents and purposes each culture. Extending from a soul changing experience or a penance to the Gods to representing warrior class or essentially the mirroring of anothers culture the antiquated specialty of inking is currently available to for all intents and purposes each and every individual who is of lawful age permitting that the training is lawful in ones region. A moderate and everlasting type of self articulation, inking and its history ought to be recognized by everybody. The word tattoo is gotten from the Tahitian word tatu, which intends to stamp something. The specific date, spot and purpose behind inking are obscure. It is, in any case, for the most part concurred that the old Egyptians utilized tattoos to demonstrate social status as right on time as 2,000 B.C. Many societies around the globe have rehearsed the craft of inking. Russian archeologists found in nineteen-ninety-four the preserved body of a lady who is accepted to have lived 2,000 years back. Her rich internment dress alongside the perplexing tattoos in blue to her left side arm prompted the conviction that she was a princess and a priestess in old Siberia. In New Zealand, the Maori and Tamoko utilized tattoos to show rank in the public eye. The Maori built up a style of facial inking known as Moko for its warrior class. The Ainu of Western Asia additionally utilized tattoos to show economic wellbeing. In Borneo ladies tattoo craftsman were set apart with hand and finger tattoos to show their situation as weavers in their way of life. Burmese inking has been related with religion for a huge number of years. Inking among indigenous North American gatherings including the Arapaho, Mohave, and Inuit (Eskimo) is established in the profound domain too. Tattoos of soul flying creatures were regular in these social orders. Every one of these gatherings had a fantasy about an extraordinary flood, and it is accepted that... <! The History of Tattooing articles In todays society, inking is a well known route for one to communicate their thoughts and considerations. It is particularly well known among packs and gatherings as a method of distinguishing themselves. Despite the fact that inking might be thought of as another wonder, is has been utilized for a long time by intriguing clans and old developments as a type of character and social festivals. Inking has an exceptionally different past including utilized for character, status, and ornamental purposes. The most punctual known type of inking is gone back to Ancient Egypt. Slaves were set apart for the pyramid that they were doled out to develop (Schwartz). Hoodlums were likewise checked and some of the time a family would stamp themselves. With the development of the Egyptian realm, so did the act of inking (History of Tattoos). Numerous clans in Asia Minor and southern Asia including the Chinese embraced the fine art around 2,000 B.C (Schwartz). These clans in Asia and China were known to tattoo themselves as indicated by their religion or conventions. Tattoos were puts around the wrists or fingers since it was accepted to help ward away diseases and misfortune. As time passed, inking turned out to be considerably more famous and not exclusively were slaves and crooks checked, yet in addition the higher class started to enhance themselves with the body workmanship. The two people would put the imprints on their bodies for their social class or for different reasons. For instance, in Borneo, ladies inked their image on their lower arm demonstrating their specific ability (Tattoo History). The fine art and all out structure turned out to be so uncontrollably well known that when Julius Caesar attacked the British Isles, he announced that even, the locals of Britain were inked, says Philip Gifford. Gifford proceeds to state that when tattoos spread to New Zealand, the Maori began utilizing an exceptional procedure in inking their own warriors. Extraordinary specialists called the Tohunga would check every warrior face with a one of a kind example ... <!

Actus Reus In Recklessness And Common Assault Law Essay

Actus Reus In Recklessness And Common Assault Law Essay Adage actus non facit reum nisi mens sit rea implies that the liable follow up on its own won't make an individual criminally obligated except if it was finished with a liable perspective. Most of wrongdoings are realized by a blend of activities and are alluded to as the blameworthy demonstrations these speak to the physical components of a wrongdoing (actus reus).The mental components are the musings or liable perspective (mens rea). In the event that actus reus and mens rea are known and there is no legitimate guard, the respondent will be seen as liable. It is the errand of the indictment to exhibit together the actus reus and the mens rea of the offense past a sensible uncertainty to the understanding of the adjudicator and jury. In the event that the verification isn't discovered, at that point the litigant will be cleared. The actus reus covers all the outside components of an offense and comprises of direct, conditions, and outcomes. These are separated into two classes: Conduct wrongdoings and Result violations Lead violations comprise of direct and condition and are those in which the actus reus is worried about denied conduct regardless of its results, a case of this is drive when you have been excluded. Result wrongdoings are those where the blameworthy demonstration requires evidence that the direct caused the banned outcome, for instance, the actus reus of criminal harm is that the property claimed by someone else is harmed, and another model is the demonstration of executing somebody or carrying out homicide. As result violations are worried about causing the outcomes the indictment must show that it was the respondents conduct that made the outcome or conditions happen, they need to give a reasonable, solid causal connection. Causation requires a two phase test: Genuine causation, the respondents demonstration must be a sine qua non of the denied outcome. This just implies the outcome would not have happened without the litigants activities. R v.White (1910) 2 KB 124(CA) this case manages yet for test. The test sets up different real reasons for death. Lawful causation can be set up by indicating that litigants demonstration was a working and generous reason for death. It may not be the sole or fundamental driver yet it must make a noteworthy commitment. R v. Cheshire (1991) 1WLR 844 (CA), R v. Pagett (1983) 76 Cr App R 279 (CA). R v. Smith (1959) Legitimate causation likewise manages shortcoming, doling out fault, and obligation. The litigant will be obligated for the every single predictable outcome or consequences of their activities. R v. Roberts (1972) 56 Cr App R 95 (CA), R v. Marjoram (1999) (CA). There is no obligation in criminal law for oversights except if that inability to act was while you are under an obligation to act. The obligation to act can emerge in a few different ways: Obligation emerging from resolution for instance s.170 (4) of the Road Traffic Act 1998 spots an obligation on the driver associated with a mishap to report it to the police or give subtleties to of the others in question. Authoritative obligation, on the off chance that somebody neglects to so something under a legitimately restricting agreement that they are contracted to do they might be criminally subject if any damage or injury happens because of their inability to act. R v. Pittwood (1902) 19 TLR 37 (Assizes) concerned an obligation to act, contract Parental obligation to act and an obligation towards relatives, this is a customary law obligation that individuals from a family owe to one another to think about every others government assistance. R v. Gibbins and Proctor (1918) 13 Cr App Rep 134 concerning obligation to mind, R v. Harris and Harris (1993) Dependence or intentional presumption of care, R v. Stone and Dobson (1977) CA Happening shortcoming or hazardous circumstance, this is the place the litigant does nothing to turn away a risky circumstance coming about because of their lead. R v. Mill operator (1983) 1 All ER 978 corresponding to circumstance made by the litigant. The mens rea manages the liable perspective. There are two perspectives which either together or independently can shape the important mens rea for a criminal offense. These are Intention and Recklessness. Direct goal is the place the respondents object is to cause passing, mens rea of homicide is the goal to execute or cause terrible substantial damage. Aberrant aim which is otherwise called angled or foreknowledge expectation is the place the unlawful outcome because of the litigants direct is predicted by the respondent as for all intents and purposes certain despite the fact that its not the litigants reason. R v. Woollin (1999) 1 AC 82 (HL) angled aim, virtual assurance. Carelessness is the place the respondent faces an unjustified and absurd challenge. There are two known kinds of carelessness, abstract and target. The law will in general focus on abstract tests. R v. G (2004) 1 AC 1034 (HL) abstract carelessness, criminal harm R v.Cunningham (1957) 2 QB 396 (CA) abstract carelessness and translation of pernicious. The Cunningham test applies to all offenses other than criminal harm. Happenstance of actus reus and mens rea At the point when the respondent submits the actus reus of an offense, for risk to happen it must be indicated that they likewise had the right mens rea at the time the actus reus was submitted. The liable demonstration and blameworthy perspective must concur. Issues have sprung up where the actus reus has been performed, at that point the mens rea becomes an integral factor, and furthermore where the mens rea is available first and afterward the actus reus follows So as to beat these issues the courts have utilized a few methodologies so as to make sure about a conviction where the actus reus is finished preceding the mens rea being available, and with the mens rea happening before the actus reus. The methodologies that they have utilized are called proceeding with acts and a chain of occasions. Proceeding with act is the place the actus reus is submitted over some stretch of time and the mens rea is available sooner or later during it commission. Proceeding with acts Fagan v. Metropolitan Police Commissioner (1969)1 QB 439 (DC) The respondent inadvertently halted his vehicle on a policemans foot, (actus reus) when he understood this he didnt take it off (mens rea).It was a constant go about as he had actus reus when he ran over his foot and this possibly halted when the vehicle was moved and afterward the mens rea when he would not move it. The litigant was in this manner saw as liable of attack. R v. Kaitamaki (1985) AC 147 He infiltrated the person in question (actus reus) and when he understood she protested the entrance he didn't pull back so, all things considered mens rea was available. It was held that the actus reus of assault was a proceeding with act, and when he understood she protested he framed the mens rea the actus reus was all the while proceeding thus there was happenstance. The litigant was seen as blameworthy of assault. R v. Mill operator (1983) 2 AC 161 (HL) The respondent nodded off on a bedding in a house while smoking a cigarette. At the point when he woke up he saw that the sleeping pad was seething he left it and chose to go to another piece of the house. He made no endeavor at all to stop the harm and because of this the house burst into flames. The demonstration which caused the (actus reus) dropping of the cigarette happened when the litigant was snoozing and the (mens rea) foolishness, harm to property happened when he stirred. It was held that the respondents inability to take care of putting the fire out was the actus reus and this harmonized with the fitting mens rea. Chain of occasions This is the second methodology that manages the mens rea happening before the actus reus. The litigant will be seen as criminally obligated if the liable demonstration and liable perspective are available regardless of whether they don't agree during the arrangement of occasions. R. v Church (1966) 1 QB 59 (CA) The litigant took the casualty to a van so as to engage in sexual relations with her. The casualty ridiculed him so the respondent thumped her oblivious (mens rea). The respondent accepted she was dead so he tossed her into a stream so as to dispose of the person in question. The casualty then kicked the bucket (actus rea). The litigants lead was seen as a progression of acts intended to cause GBH or demise. The actus reus and mens rea were available during the chain of occasions. The litigant was seen as liable of homicide R v. Thabo Mali (1954) PC (South Africa) The respondents took the casualty to a hovel and beat him over the head proposing to murder him. They accepted they had slaughtered him so they turned him over a bluff. The casualty didn't bite the dust from the beating or being moved of the precipice however kicked the bucket of presentation. It was held that the actus reus and mens rea was available all through. The actus reus comprised of a progression of acts and the mens rea was available sooner or later during the chain of occasions. They were seen as liable of homicide. R v. Le Brun (1991) CA The respondent thumped the person in question (his significant other) oblivious. While he was moving her she thumped her head on the kerb and this broke her skull. She later kicked the bucket of the injury. It was held that the first unlawful act and the demonstration causing passing (actus reus) and the (mens rea) were all piece of a similar chain of occasions. The respondent was seen as blameworthy of homicide. My own model Im utilized as a female plasterer on a structure site. In the wake of completing work one night and on my way home I understood that I had deserted something, so I head back too the site. The site has never been made sure about appropriately and the workforces have been griping about this for quite a while. While back nearby a more peculiar methodologies me and takes steps to cause me some mischief. As he is coming towards me I convey an amazing kick into his stomach which makes him fall back and stumble over a thing on the floor. He hits his head into the ground and I additionally utilize my bird of prey to hitter him over the head a few times to guarantee he doesn't get up again in a rush. There is a lot of blood on the floor and he doesn't give off an impression of being relaxing. I feel that he might be dead. I drag his body excessively the rear of the worksite and conceal it among some exceptionally tall weeds. I return to the region where the blood is, tidy up, and afterward le ave the site. This exa

Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 119

Outline - Essay Example This strategy gives an impression in the start of the business and afterward it presents another content wherein the rabbit enters with the battery on its back. The rabbit is viewed as another content which inevitably joins with the previous content to make a completely extraordinary book. The essayist calls this procedure intertextuality and thinks of it as significant on the grounds that it doesn't just occur in plugs, for example, the one refered to above however it likewise happens in ordinary correspondences. For example on account of the novel by Jane Austen entitled Emma, perusers and watchers of its film adjustments called Emma in 1996 and Clueless in 1995, will have various translations in light of intertextuality. The settings of the two motion pictures are unique however they some way or another recount to a similar story thus watchers will see their likenesses to the novel. The understandings of the chiefs and makers of the film are unique. Correspondingly, this could lik ewise happen in a person’s understanding of sonnets or other scholarly works. Intertextuality happens regularly in each culture on the grounds that one’s childhood and culture are significant impacts which at first gave an individual different writings which that individual can use in perusing other

The Wall Street Journal

The Wall Street Journal The Wall Street Journal Home›Descriptive Posts›The Wall Street Journal Descriptive PostsThis is an American English-language internationally supplied newspaper which is also reportedly the largest newspaper in the United States in terms of circulation. It is published by Dow Jones and Company a division of News Corporation. The main topics of interest covered by this great journal are American economic and international business news and reports. It has been printed a good number of times and has consequently won numerous awards since its inception way back 1889.   In 1902, a journalist Clarence Barron purchased control of the company for 130 thousand U.S $. He made sure to create an atmosphere of fearlessness, and independent financial reporting which saw him drastically increasing the number of copies been circulated.The predecessors of this man also did exemplary well especially in the 1940s when there was massive industrial developme3nt in the United States. However this jou rnal recorded its first loss in 1997 due to increasing newsprint costs and declining advertising. In the millennium, the paper has undergone numerous online expansions which have seen it gaining a larger market share than most of its arch rivals. With great personalities daily monitoring the performance of the paper and formulating useful strategies that would help keep the paper aloof, the paper went as far as starting advertising on the front page for the first time in over 50 years. This captivated the readers of the paper and even gives them more reason to read the Wall Street Journal.The wall Street Journal is definitely one of the best selling journals allover the world with very few other journals giving it a run for its money. Logically, this will imply that all the fame directed to this paper is not because there are no other competitors but simply because the said competitors cannot benchmark this. The paper covers economic news in the vast union of American states. It der ives its name from Wall Street located in New York City, this is the global financial epicenter or rather better the global financial heart, therefore by giving its clients both local and internationally the news about their financial heart, it stands the best ground to be   preferred to other journals.The journal also focuses its attention and elaborates on issues affecting other major economic centers for instance those in Europe. The Wall Street Journal is therefore still the most competent journal as it ensures that it keeps people alerted on any useful economical information this justifies why the same journal has gone ahead to win a lot of titles and to consequently gain a wider market area allover the world.Politically, we get to understand that the very powerful editorial board of The Wall Street journal has over the years argued for a less restrictive policy in matters concerning immigration. This implies that they support immigration therefore believe that the government p olicies on immigration should not b e very tight. This p[positive outlook on immigration reforms has opened critics directly attacking the journal and has also put the journal as a direct opponent to many of the conservatives who are selfish and egocentric and would like and support strict immigration formalities.They are also great supports for the United States of America support for the Israeli State and are openly opposed to the possibility or even reality of a Palestinian state. The Wall Street journal though initially presumed a business journal, does not fail to notice that it has a part to play in the rising concern over environmental safety worldwide. Subject to this, it has a section where it gives the readers a review of the current global environmental conditions, warns on the wrongs and seeks to help in providing a way forward on this critical issues, with this strong characteristics of the journal, it definitely manages to stand aloof.

Critique of a Qualitative Ethnographic Study of New Nurses Working in the Hospital - Free Essay Example

Qualitative research is essential to nursing evidence- based practice as in a quantitative study. Qualitative studies focus more on the interpretation of the individual as related to the research analysis than on the experimental statistics data of the problem identified (Creswell, J. W. Creswell, J. D., 2018). The nursing field must utilize the qualitative research study as well as quantitative studies in helping to improve nursing care, patient outcomes, and seek further knowledge to change nursing habits for improved results. This qualitative critique offers a systematized analysis of the research article titled Entry into Nursing: An Ethnographic Study of Newly Qualified Nurses Taking on the Nursing Role in a Hospital Setting (Bjerknes Bjerk, 2012). Critique of Writing Style, Title, and Abstract The writing style of the article was plainly written and use of verbiage and grammatical mistakes is not detected. The article is also arranged appropriately and well organized in the dispersal of material. The researchers of the article meet degree qualifications in this field of research. According to Ritchie, Lewis, Nicholls, Ormston (2013), a qualitative study that focuses on the theory of Ethnography should produce a title that shows the study conducted of immersion into a culture or community. The title chosen by the Bjerknes Bjrk (2012) follows the above stated criteria of new nurses in the hospital setting. The title is made clear of what the researchers wanted to investigate while also maintaining precise and definite information about the study being conducted. The abstract was not titled as such; thus, leading readers toward the possibility of overlooking the paragraph and thinking it is information about the authors and location of the study. However, it does provide the offer a strong summary of the research, including the research question, trial sample size, methodology, results, and suggestions of future improvements to the problem at hand. The abstract goes into clear detail when discussing the sample group size of thirteen new nurses, the methods used to conduct the study, and the results the author found with the study. For the reader, this clear clarification of the study helps to recognize what researchers are presenting. A limitation found in the abstract was there were no keywords for the reader to identify with which could lead to inaccurate searches in the future for similar studies. Critique of Statement of the Phenomenon of Interest and Purpose of the Study Qualitative studies differ from quantitative studies when addressing the problem in a research study. Qualitative studies problem, or termed phenomena, is more individualized and subjective to the reader (Creswell, J. W. Creswell, J. D., 2018). In the article by Bjerknes Bjrk (2012), the phenomena of interest are stated in two separate locations. First, when discussing in the introduction about the new graduate nurse starting the role of nursing, the researchers state that the challenges of starting in this new nursing role for student role is what stimulated the researchers to perform the study. This phenomenon is then addressed again in the background of the study as the research question by asking a focused question about the new nurse experience in starting anew role. By stating the phenomena twice, the researchers enforce the importance of the study and the result outcomes for future improvement of incorporating new nurses into the hospital setting; making this method a s trength of the study. The research question and phenomenon of interest are clearly linked and work well for researchers. Critique of Literature Review and Theoretical Framework The literature review performed by the researchers was connected to the philosophical underpinnings of the article by showing that other researchers have found commonalities as well as differences with the research undertaken for this article. The review of literature did fulfill the aims of the researchers. A strength of the literature review of the article was that the researchers were able to use articles to support the claim of new nurses needing more support and mentoring than they are receiving in the hospital setting. Another strength seen was that the researchers were also able to find articles that contradicted the experience perceived by the new nurses of this study. This literature review helps to show the unbiased nature of the article and improve validity. A weakness seen by the reader is that some of the literature reviewed and cited was more than ten years old and in the nursing field changes are always occurring. These changes lead to older information being ina ccurate or out-of-date for nursing research and research studies. Twenty-three of the referenced literature reviews were more than ten years old. This is out of the forty-two references listed. This makes for some question of reliability of the literature review and why the researchers chose articles more than ten years in the past. The theoretical framework used for this study was the ethnography approach. The intention of the ethnography approach is to recognize the social realm of the individuals being analyzed through absorption in their population to yield comprehensive images of their culture and views (Ritchie et al., 2013). The researchers adequately described this framework by discussing the method of observation in the research process of the study. This framework was also appropriate for this study because of the qualitative nature of the study and the interpretive aspect of the study. Critique of Methodology and Philosophical Underpinnings Bjerknes Bjrk (2012), did not clearly state to this reader the philosophical underpinnings, or foundation, of the study, and it had to be read a few times to gather the information needed to discuss the foundation. The philosophical approach of the study is working closely with the individual nurses to identify problems related to starting in the nursing role. I found it very difficult to understand the philosophical underpinnings addressed, and so I do not believe the authors approach was successful. The philosophical approach chosen, after much research on the article, was appropriate for this study because it is a more one-on-one approach to understanding the complications and advantages of being a new nurse. The research was conducted by a single individual who was also the primary author of the study. This be a strength because the author did not work in the facility being study, and she could gather all the information needed and kept in one place until time for review an d results identification. This can also be a limitation because the author/researcher is an experienced nurse who could have a bias toward asking certain questions to receive an answer. Both strengths and weaknesses were addressed be the researchers in the article. Sample The sample method of meetings held on both units of the hospital being observed, and written information given out to new nurses on the floor was identified in the article. The sample size of thirteen participants was also included. The sample size is a strength here because the researcher designated to this study can spend more feasible time with each individual and not get overwhelmed with the research of the study. The researchers of the article state that the study was completed out of convenience; however, the authors also state the importance of using the convenience sample method in this study. The sampling convenience method was appropriate for this study because the researchers needed to have the criteria of the sample met. This criterion was stated as a new nurse for three months when the study was started (Bjerknes Bjrk (2012). The participants were suitable for the study because of the three month experience requirement and the new graduate nurse requirement. The demographics of the individuals was given. There were limitations in the demographics of this study because the study contained females only with a mean age of 25 (Bjerknes Bjrk, 2012). This is a limitation because older individuals who are new graduate nurses and male new graduate nurses could provide a distinct perspective for researchers. Ethical Considerations Ethical considerations are of extreme importance in a qualitative study because these considerations relate to the individual and how they are feeling throughout the study. The researchers did an excellent job of informing the contributors about the disposition of the research and getting informed consent. Another strength to the study was that individuals were made aware that they could quit working with the study at any time of their choosing if they did not feel comfortable any longer. Autonomy and confidentiality were guaranteed to the individuals and maintained by having an outside researcher with no affiliation to the hospital to conduct the study. This outside researcher also helps keep the individual identities and individuals from harm. Ethical permission was given by the hospital ethics committee prior to the study. Data Collection/Data Analysis Researchers conducted observations, interviews, reflection notes from the individuals who participated in the study, and observational notes post-observation were used in the data collection. These strategies were used to analyze the data. The analysis of the data was completed corresponding to data collection. This led to the strength of data recorded or observed not being forgotten or left out of the study. The focal analysis was then completed after a year of study in the field. A limitation to the study was that no method of data analysis was identified. The researchers do point out that they used the philosophies of analyzing copious data on limited informants, but there is not a clear explanation of what this description means (Bjerknes Bjrk, 2012). Outside experts were used in the collection of data and the data analysis portion of the study. This is a strength in keeping with the non-biased nature of research. The participants were consulted to establish validity of the information provided which is a key aspect in qualitative research (Ritchie et al., 2013). This gives strength to the study because it follows the credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability of the article (Creswell, J. W. Creswell, J. D., 2018). The data analysis process was started with open-ended questions; these questions became more specific as the data collection progressed (Bjerknes Bjrk, 2012). This is a strength and a weakness of the study. First is a strength because it can help researchers determine what the individual nurse goes through on a daily and shift-by-shift basis. Conversely, it is a weakness because the questions asked could be more geared toward what the researcher deems appropriate leading to a bias in the study. Data saturation was not mentioned, but to the reader it could not be perceived; this is because the participants were chosen on a convenience based form. The researchers in this article did not discuss any quantitativ e matters, so no quantities were needed or provided. Rigor The rigor, or trustworthiness of an article is important in a qualitative study to maintain validity and reliability (Creswell, J. W. Creswell, J.D., 2018). The researchers of the critiqued study did discuss in detail how rigor was assured. The researchers do this by providing a section of trustworthiness of the study where they include credibility, dependability, and confirmability (Bjerknes Bjrk, 2012). These researchers discussed in detail that credibility was achieved by the encouragement of sharing and analyzing others notes, dependability by appropriate claims and references in the article being read, and confirmability by documenting the findings so they can be used and confirmed in other studies (Bjerknes Bjrk, 2012). In this section of the article the researchers gained several strengths by directly stating how the above three rigors were maintained. The authors show transferability to the reader by addressing the issue of new nurse graduate situations on the floor i n a way that the reader can understand and relate to. Goodness was met by the article maintaining a direct approach to the study at hand and the researcher remaining non-biased throughout the study. Some weaknesses to the rigor include only one researcher completing the data, the flow in which the data was collected, and the change in questions as the study developed according to the individual being studied. Critique of Findings and Discussion Bjerknes Bjrk (2012), present the findings of the study in a unique way of a narrative format of what two nurses experienced throughout a four hour period, which was the designated time for the research to observe the individual, on two different units in the hospital. The researchers used these findings as collaborative approach to all thirteen participants. For this study, the researchers presented the findings appropriately, so the reader could gather what the new nurse was feeling on the floor at an exact moment on the unit. This format gives a huge strength to the study because it gives the reader the sense and emotions of the nurse, so they can feel the transferability of the study and relate to the new nurse. A weakness to this presentation is that not all the participants would have experienced the exact same interactions that the two nurses who were discussed experienced. The original purpose of the study has been adequately addressed in the findings and again in the d iscussion of the study showing how new nurses take on the role of a nurse, and the opportunities and limitations given to them (Bjerknes Bjrk, 2012). In the discussion paragraph of the study, the researchers return to literature review and the findings of the study to show the stress and feelings of accomplishment for new nurses. By bringing the literature review back into the discussion, the researchers give more confirmability and goodness to the article. This leads the report to return to what is already known about the phenomenon of new graduate nurses in the nursing role. Critique of Conclusions and Recommendations The researchers identify the importance of the study and implication of the findings in the conclusion paragraph of the paper. Bjerknes Bjrk (2012) present both the enthusiasm of new nurses and the want for care for their patients, and the limitations presented of deficiency of assistance mentorship and time restrictions that nurses experience during the shift. This gives a strength to the study to show the reader that there are opportunities for change and improvement in the nursing role for new nurses. Another strength is the fact that changes and improvements are can be made on a unit by unit basis to help improve experiences. The recommendations for further studies was given at the end of the conclusion, however, it shows a weakness in the study by not offering ways to improve the new nurse experiences on the floor. The recommendations should have offered solutions as well as further studies to improve outcomes. References The references for this study did were all accurately referenced in the study and on the reference page. Although they were cited appropriately, the reader had to keep checking down at the references to understand which refence was being alluded to because the authors used numbers only instead of including names as well. This style was a weakness to the reader because it took away the time to engross in the study to check the reference list. Another weakness in the references were that some references were over ten to twenty years old. In the healthcare population, references should go back no more than five to ten years unless citing a direct theory because the knowledge of the healthcare field is in an ever-changing and growing state. Summary The writing style flowed well, and the title was appropriate for the study. Although the abstract was not clearly identified, it did give all the components necessary for the reader to understand what the study is about and what the findings of the study were. The statement of the phenomenon interest was clearly identified, and the purpose of the study followed the phenomena well. The literature review was well placed in the beginning and end of the article to provide the reader with an understanding of the importance of the study. Although the literature review was well laid out, some references were old and could be a weakness in the study. The theoretical framework was clearly identified as ethnography and was followed well throughout the remainder of the study. The philosophical underpinnings were hard to distinguish and left the reader having to read the article multiple times to understand what the methodology was following. This led to huge gaps in the readers perspecti ve of the importance of the study. The sample size and ethical considerations were visibly acknowledged by the authors and explained as to the importance of the study. The data collection and analysis were explained; however, the weaknesses of the study were most evident in this area. The limitation of possible bias was shown to possibly occur, and the participants critiques of other nurses could lead to further bias by knowledge of the other nurse. The rigor of the article was stated plainly in a dedicated paragraph, so the reader could understand the trustworthiness of the article. Although transferability was not stated in this paragraph, three of the other assets of rigor were stated, giving the article a strong rigor quality. The findings were presented in a unique way that did give pure description of the new nurse transition into the nursing role. The article provided abundant information from other articles and the findings of this article. Even though some of the re ferences were older than ten to twenty years, they were helpful and supported the article well. This is a respected aspect of all research articles. Generally, the study can be suggested as a significant reading for new nurses entering the nursing role, as well as older nurses mentoring new nurses on the floor.

Essay General Othello in Othello - 1267 Words

William Shakespeare gave us a most moving drama in Othello. In this play we witness the demise of a â€Å"paragon† of a wife and a â€Å"valiant Moor†, Othello. Let us consider the Moor in detail, with professional critical input, in this essay. From the text of the play a number of clues can be gleaned which round out the description of the general. In William Shakespeare: The Tragedies, Paul A. Jorgensen describes the general in Othello: Though scarcely the â€Å"barbarian† (1.3.353) he is called, the Moor is emphatically black, probably rough, even fearsome, in appearance, and a foreign mercenary from Mauritania in refined Venice. Though of royal blood, since the age of seven he had a restrictive, painful life, being sold into slavery†¦show more content†¦Politely he addresses the mob leader. â€Å"Where will you that I go / To answer this your charge?† Brabantio demands prison for the general, but this conflicts with the duke’s request for the general’s presence in council. When they have reappeared before the duke, the latter greets Othello immediately and respectfully (â€Å"Valiant Othello, we must straight employ you / Against the general enemy Ottoman.†), but doesn’t even notice the senator Brabantio (â€Å"I did not see you. Welcome, gentle signior.† Noble Othello obviously outranks even the senator, in the estimation of the city’s leader. Blanc he Coles in Shakespeare’s Four Giants praises Othello standing before the senators: In Act I, Scene III, the â€Å"valiant Othello,† as the Duke calls him, comes into the august presence of the Venetian senators. He enters with others but can be singled out by his soldierly bearing in which there appears a certain pride in his calling but no petty self-confidence. His appearance is that of a man mellowed more by experience than by years. He is not handsome as to facial features but has a good physique. When he stands to speak it is with a simple dignity and natural nobility. The deep organ tones of his resonant voice, the rich quality of which was born to him in a southern climate, commands the spellbound attention of hisShow MoreRelatedEssay about Othello: the General1690 Words   |  7 PagesOthello: the General  Ã‚      The character of the Moor in William Shakespeare’s tragic drama Othello is noble to the point of heroism, but unfortunately also gullible and susceptible to the sinister, destructive genius of his ancient Iago. The most radical change during the course of the drama is undergone by the protagonist, the Moor. Robert Di Yanni in â€Å"Character Revealed Through Dialogue† states that the deteriorated transformation which Othello undergoes is noticeable in his speech: Read MoreEssay about Othello, or the Fall of a General1061 Words   |  5 PagesOthello, or the Fall of a General  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   Othello, the general and protagonist in William Shakespeare’s tragic drama Othello, is an amazing individual in many respects. Let us in this essay explore his character in depth, along with critical opinion.    Blanche Coles in Shakespeare’s Four Giants praises Othello as a superior being:    In Act I, Scene III, the â€Å"valiant Othello,† as the Duke calls him, comes into the august presence of the Venetian senators. He enters with othersRead MoreOthello As A Powerful General Of The Venetian Army1991 Words   |  8 Pagesplay tells the story of a powerful general of the Venetian army, Othello, whose life and marriage are ruined by a conniving, deceitful, and envious soldier, Iago. The literary work of Othello focuses on themes such as the dangers of jealousy, race, and manipulation. Iago is Othello s ambitious ensign. Othello promotes Michael Cassio to the position of personal lieutenant and Iago is deadly jealous. Iago begins an evil and malicious campaign against the hero. Othello elopes with Desdemona but Iago startsRead More Othello: the General and His Fall Essay examples1878 Words   |  8 PagesOthello: the General and His Fall  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   The noble Othello in the Shakespearean play of that name has no one to blame but himself; his suicide results. Is his downfall resulting from his naivete and gullibility? Let us study and expose this famous character in this essay.    Francis Ferguson in â€Å"Two Worldviews Echo Each Other† describes how Othello carries out Iago’s plan of destruction:    Othello moves to kill Desdemona (Act V, scene 2) with that â€Å"icy current and compulsiveRead MoreOthello Tragic Flaw1643 Words   |  7 PagesKapoor Professor Shapiro English 220.03 20 October 2017 It Is Othello’s Own Faults In Shakespeare’s Othello, Othello is a highly acclaimed general and because of his many achievements he has transcended stereotypes projected upon Moors in Venetian society. Desdemona and the nature of her affair, although it is false, is considered to be the root cause of Othello’s downfall and violent demise. Othello feels anxious about the racist nature engrained in Venetian society and eventually projects this mannerRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1515 Words   |  7 PagesShakespeare’s Othello is seemingly about the blooming affection between a man and a woman. However, it is a love story gone wrong—or is portrayed as so by the author. In the historical context of Othello, which is set during the Turkish-Venetian war in the 16th century, it is essential to emphasize that Othello is the love story between Othello, the Moorish general, and Desdemona, the Venetian lady. This racial difference is most problematic to the eyes of the white Venetian society, allowing charactersRead MoreIn Shakespeare’s Othello, race is a concept that is only minimally explored. Characters in the play1400 Words   |  6 PagesIn Shakespeare’s Othello, race is a concept that is only minimally explored. Characters in the play assume that, since they are English, they are superior and foreign characters (like Othello the Moor) are inferior. This is not questioned much at all, and in fact it is assumed outright that Othello is indeed a lesser man because of his skin color and the ways in which characters like Iago and Roderigo treat him. While an early modern audience would accept this concept without hesitation, an audienceRead MoreIts Complicated: Shakespeares Othello1450 Words   |  6 Pagestheir fault. In the Shakespearean play Othello, Iago is seen as a ruthless, power hungry man who wants to see Othello burn. Othello on the other hand appears to be a wise general who only has one weakness in particular: Desdemona. He is flat out head over heels for her which Iago uses to his advantage through the green eyed monster itself: jealousy. Jealousy is one of the main themes within the play, and plays a very important role in the tragic outcome where Othello kills Desdemona and everything unravelsRead MoreIagos Revenge in Othello680 Words   |  3 PagesShakespeare, Othello. The play Othello is set in the Elizabethan era, and is found on the streets of Venice. Shakespeare was a playwright, from the Elizabethan era (1600’s),who wrote many great plays that are still read to this day in age. Othello is a war general, an older man, and a black man, who, by the end of the novel, goes from having it all, to having nothing. This wouldn’t be possible though without the help of the incredibly deceitful Iago, who at all costs wants to ruin Othello and takeRead MoreEssay The Tragedy of Othello1292 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Shakespeare masterfully crafted Othello, the Moor of Venice as an Aristotelia n tragedy play. The main protagonist of the play, Othello, is the perfect example of a tragic hero. Shakespeare was influenced by Aristotle’s concept of a tragic hero and used Aristotle’s principles to create Othello. William Shakespeare attempted to create an Aristotelian tragedy play with a tragic hero and succeeded in Othello, the Moor of Venice by weaving in pity and fear into each line and action. The power